henry stafford, 1st duke of buckinghamhenry stafford, 1st duke of buckingham

[79] He also received another important allowance, being granted permission to export gold and jewels (up to the value of 5,000 per trip) for his use in France, even though the export of bullion was illegal at the time. [140] With York in exile, Buckingham was granted custody of York's wife, Cecily, Duchess of York, whom, a chronicler reports, he treated harshly in her captivity. Somersetin charge of government once againsummoned a Great Council to meet in Leicester on 22 May 1455. [177] Humphrey Stafford assigned them the manor of Newton Blossomville at the time of their marriage. Humphrey Stafford was born in Stafford sometime in December 1402. Humphrey Stafford, 1st Duke of Buckingham, 6th Earl of Stafford, (15 August 1402 10 July 1460) was an English nobleman and a military commander in both the Hundred Years' War and in the Wars of the Roses. On his death in 1889 without male issue, the dukedom and its subsidiary titles (the marquessate of Buckingham, marquessate of Chandos, earldom of Temple and earldom of Nugent) became extinct. However, Stafford later switched his allegiance to the House of York and towards the end of his life contributed to the restoration of Edward IV. Acting as the King's personal guard in the ensuing struggle, Stafford was killed and the King was again taken prisoner. Stafford family. Of particular importance were the marriages of two of his sons, Humphrey and Henry. Stafford became less active on the council around the same time. Also known as: Humphrey Stafford, 1st duke of Buckingham, Earl of Stafford, Earl of Buckingham, Baron Stafford, Comte de Perche. [4] His brother John, was a regular visitor at Woking "to hunt and play cards" and the staff there included Reginald Bray, who was Henry's Receiver-General. Henry Stafford, 1st Baron Stafford (18 September 1501 - 30 April 1563) was an English nobleman. The Yorkists believed they would be arrested or attainted at this meeting. [142] Buckingham denied the Yorkists' envoys' repeated requests for an audience with Henry,[144] denouncing the earls: "the Earl of Warwick shall not come to the King's presence and if he comes he shall die". Stafford's relationship with Margaret is portrayed in the TV series as heavily strained, with Stafford torn between his obvious concern for his wife's well-being and his exasperation with her fanatical nature, given that he supported the Yorkists despite his wife's loyalty to the Lancastrians. [5] He also paid for the wedding expenses, apart from Ursula's wedding clothes which were provided by her mother. Henry Stafford, 2nd Duke of Buckingham, KG (4 September 1455 - 2 November 1483) played a major role in King Richard III's rise and fall. On 11 February 1447, Buckingham was charged with the task of arresting the Henry VI's uncle, Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester. This was with Sir Thomas Malory. [1], Humphrey Stafford married Lady Anne Neville, daughter of Ralph Neville, Earl of Westmorland, by Lady Joan Beaufort (Westmorland's second wife), at some point before 18 October 1424. [149][l], Michael Hicks has noted that Buckingham was one of the few Lancastrian loyalists who was never accused by the Yorkists of being an "evil councillor",[152] even though he wasin Hicks's words"the substance and perhaps the steel within the ruling regime". [38] Writtle was particularly favoured by the Earl,[39] and they were both useful when the royal court was in Coventry. Mowbray was created earl of Nottingham on succeeding to his elder . [103] This parliament also appointed York as Protector of the Realm from 27 March 1454. The wedding of Sir Henry and Lady Margaret is thought to have taken place at Maxstoke Castle, which had been acquired by Henry's father in 1437. Henry Stafford, 2nd Duke of Buckingham - WIKI 2 Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Christopher Villiers, 1st Earl of Anglesey, and John Villiers, 1st Viscount Purbeck, were brothers of the first Duke of Buckingham. [2][3], In 1466 the King granted Henry and Margaret the former Beaufort manor of Woking in Surrey. Being such an important figure in the localities was not without its dangers and for some time he feuded violently with Sir Thomas Malory in the Midlands. By 1424, the rivalry between him and his uncle Henry Beaufort, Bishop of Winchesteras de facto head of council[20]had become an outright conflict. [172], The marriages Buckingham arranged for his children were structured around strengthening his ties to the Lancastrian royal family. Mary was in 1800 created Baroness Nugent in her own right in the Peerage of Ireland, with remainder to her second son George (see the Baron Nugent). [i] Buckingham also assumed that York would want to parley before launching an assault on the King, as he had in 1452. After returning from France, Stafford remained in England for the rest of his life, serving King Henry. After the 2nd Duke of Buckingham and Chandos' death in 1861, the titles passed to his son, the third Duke. [19] Gloucester repeatedly claimed the title of Protector based on his relationship to the dead King. The decision to head for the town and not make a stand straight away may have been a tactical error;[109] the contemporary Short English Chronicle describes how the Lancastrians "strongly barred and arrayed for defence" immediately after they arrived. [47] By the 1450sa period beginning with political tension and ending with civil warStafford retained men specifically "to sojourn and ride" with him. [1] This caused him local difficulties; on 5May 1430 a Leicestershire manor of Stafford's was attacked[62] and he faced problems in Derbyshire in the 1440s, although there, Helen Castor has said, Stafford "made no attempt to restore peace, nor made any attempt to intervene at all". He was the son of George Nugent Temple Grenville, 3rd Earl Temple, who was the son of Prime Minister George Grenville, and who had been created Marquess of Buckingham in the peerage of Great Britain in 1784. [76] Before his departure for Calais in September 1442, the garrison had revolted and seized the Staple's wool in lieu of unpaid wages. [178] John was created Earl of Wiltshire in 1470. [83] He became Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports, Constable of Dover Castle and Constable of Queenborough, on the Isle of Sheppey, in 1450. [10][11] When Stafford was later asked by the royal council if the King had left any final instructions regarding the governance of Normandy, he claimed that he had been too upset at the time to be able to remember. The marriage was relatively long and successful and coincided roughly with the minority of Margaret's son, the future Henry VII of England. Henry Stafford, Second Duke Of Buckingham | mermaidcamp Buckingham, who continued in office as chief minister into the reign of James's son, Charles I, was responsible for a policy of war against Spain and France. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. [1] Edward and the twins, George and William, died young. [4][3] On 20 December 1468 Edward IV visited Woking to attend a hunt and afterwards dined with Henry and Margaret at their hunting lodge at Brookwood. Edward Stafford, born 3 February 1478 at Brecon Castle in Wales, was the eldest son of Henry Stafford, 2nd Duke of Buckingham, and Catherine Woodville (the daughter of Richard Woodville, 1st Earl Rivers, by Jacquetta of Luxembourg, daughter of Pierre de Luxembourg, Count of St. Pol) and was thus a nephew of Elizabeth Woodville and King Edward IV. Henry Staford was closely related to the royal house, three of his grandparents were descended from King Edward III. Humphrey Stafford, 1st duke of Buckingham, in full Humphrey Stafford, 1st duke of Buckingham, earl of Stafford, earl of Buckingham, Baron Stafford, comte de Perche, (born August 15, 1402died July 10, 1460, Northampton, Northamptonshire, England), Lancastrian prominent in the Hundred Years' War in France and the Wars of the Roses in England. His grandfather Humphrey the 1st Duke of Buckingham was killed at Northampton in 1460. [58] His affinity was probably composed along the lines laid out by royal ordinance at the time which dictated the nobility should be accompanied by no more than 240 men, including "forty gentlemen, eighty yeomen and a variety of lesser individuals",[47] suggested T. B. Pugh, although in peacetime Stafford would have required far fewer. Duke of Buckingham - Wikipedia Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). [1] A second link to the Beaufort family was between Buckingham's second son, Sir Henry Stafford (c. 14251471), who became the third husband of Lady Margaret Beaufort, daughter of John Beaufort, Duke of Somerset, and Margaret Beauchamp. After a series of false alarms in early 1460, they eventually did so in June, landing at Sandwich, Kent. [9], Although Stafford received a reduced inheritance, as the historian Carol Rawcliffe has put it, "fortunes were still to be made in the French wars". Anne Stafford 1483-1544 Sources (7) Henry Stafford, "Find A Grave Index" Dictionary of National Biography, Volumes 1-22 A genealogical history of the dormant, abeyant, forfeited, and extinct peerages of the British empire by Burke, Bernard, Sir, 1814-1892 Spouse and Children Henry Stafford 1454-1483 Male Catherine Woodville 1458-1497 Female The Duke paid a midwife 10, Richard Stafford, who married Mary Corbet, a daughter of John Corbet of Lee in, Elizabeth Stafford, married Sir William Neville, Anne Stafford, married Sir Henry Williams, This page was last edited on 19 May 2023, at 17:30. Anne lists her still-living children in her will of 1480: her "son Buckingham"meaning her grandson Henryand "my daughter Beaumond", "my son of Wiltshire", "my daughter of Richmond" and "my daughter Mountjoy". This would indicate that the King was not sure of his loyalty. William Stafford, (b.1439,died in childhood) 9. [128][k] His son appears to have been badly wounded. By his marriage to a daughter of Ralph, Earl of Westmorland, Humphrey was related to the powerful Neville family and to many of the leading aristocratic houses of the time. Also referred to as "Lord Henry Stafford" in some sources, as he was a younger son of a duke. His son, George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham, was a notable advisor in the reign of Charles II, and along with Lord Ashley made up the Protestant axis of the famous Cabal Ministry. After the execution for treason in 1521 and posthumous attainder of his father Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham, with the forfeiture of all the family's estates and titles, he managed to regain some of his family's position[1] and was created Baron Stafford in 1547. At the time of Henry's birth his father was 6th Earl of Stafford and had been born in the town, not becoming Duke of Buckingham until 1444. Katherine was the sister of Elizabeth Woodville who was queen consort to King Edward IV (Grandfather to Henry VIII). Henry Stafford, 2nd Duke of Buckingham, 1454 - 1483 [109], The King was lodged in the town and York, with Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury and the Earl of Warwick, encamped to the south. [34] This put the royal affinitythose men retained directly by the Crown to provide a direct link between the King and the localities[35]at his command. [3][4], On 5 January 1470 Henry's brother John was created Earl of Wiltshire, whereas Henry remained a mere knight. The King, with a smaller force[109] that nonetheless included important nobles such as Somerset, Northumberland, Clifford and Buckingham and his son Humphrey, Earl of Stafford,[110] was likewise marching from Westminster to Leicester, and in the early morning of 22 May, royal scouts reported the Yorkists as being only a few hours away. However, on 12 April he made a firm decision to support Edward and to join him, accompanied by his Steward, John Gilpyn, and other retainers. He was a Lancastrian descendant of King Edward III, and a number of his forebears had been killed fighting the Yorkists in the Wars of the Roses (1455-85). [118] Buckingham made what John Gillingham described as an "insidiously tempting suggestion"[119] that the Yorkists mull over the King's responses in Hatfield or Barnet overnight. [33], In England, the King's minority ended in 1436. Humphrey Stafford, 1st Duke of Buckingham (1402-1460) . In 1822 Lord Buckingham was created Earl Temple of Stowe, in the County of Buckingham, Marquess of Chandos and Duke of Buckingham and Chandos, all in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. As much of his estateas her dowerhad previously been in her hands, Humphrey went from having a reduced income in his early years to being one of the wealthiest and most powerful landowners in England. [110] In any case, says Harriss, Buckingham was probably captured with the King,[129] although he was still able to reward ninety of his retainers from Kent, Sussex[93] and Surrey. w' a greet multitude. [1] He fought with Henry V during the 1420 campaign in France and was knighted on 22 April the following year. With his death in 1687, the title again became extinct. [145] Personal animosity as much as political judgment was responsible for Buckingham's attitude, possibly, suggests Rawcliffe, the result of Warwick's earlier rent evasion. [68] Following Cade's rebellion in 1450, Stafford's park at Penshurst was attacked by local men whom the historian Ralph Griffiths describes as "concealing their faces with long beards and charcoal-blackened faces, calling themselves servants of the queen of the fairies". [110], The Yorkists realised what Buckingham"prevaricating with courtesy", says Armstrong[121]was trying to do and battle commenced while negotiations were still taking place: Richard, Earl of Warwick, launched a surprise attack at around ten o'clock in the morning. Through both his parents, he was a great-great-grandson of Edward III of England. Stafford's eldest son had died of plague two years earlier and the Buckingham dukedom descended to Stafford's five-year-old grandson, Henry, a ward of the King until he came of age in 1473. [3] In the last few years of his life, he was sometimes so ill that Reginald Bray had to take over his responsibilities. Although Stafford seems to have personally favoured the interests of Gloucester in the latter's struggle for supremacy over Beaufort,[12] Stafford attempted to be a moderating influence. Partly due to a feud with a leading YorkistRichard Neville, Earl of WarwickStafford eventually declared for King Henry and the Duke of York was defeated in 1459, driving York into exile. Stafford is also one of the primary suspects in the . Also, Edward Villiers, 1st Earl of Jersey, was the great-nephew of the first Duke of Buckingham while Thomas Villiers, 1st Earl of Clarendon, was the second son of the second Earl of Jersey. Henry Stafford, 2nd Duke of Buckingham - Geni.com Victims of Henry VIII: Edward Stafford - Tudors Dynasty The 1st Marquess of Buckingham had married Lady Mary Nugent, daughter of Robert Nugent, 1st Earl Nugent. He was executed without trial for his role in the uprisings. In 1628, he was assassinated by John Felton, a disgruntled army officer who had served under him, as he prepared an expedition to relieve the Huguenots of La Rochelle. [52][f], In the late medieval period, all great lords created an affinity between themselves and groups of supporters, who often lived and travelled with them for purposes of mutual benefit and defence,[54] and Humphrey Stafford was no exception. His eldest son having been killed in an earlier battle, he was succeeded in his titles by his four-year-old grandson. [21] In 1428, when Gloucester again demanded an increase in his power, Stafford was one of the councillors who personally signed a strong statement to the effect that Gloucester's position had been formulated six years earlier, would not change now, and that in any case, the King would attain his majority within a few years.